Key 7, text 7A: word order

Word order - sanajärjestys

Suomen kielessä lauseen sanajärjestys on suhteellisen vapaa, ja silti kuulija ymmärtää lauseen sisällön. Englannin kielessä on kuitenkin noudatettava tiettyjä sanajärjestyssääntöjä, jotta lause olisi ymmärrettävä.
Lauseen perussanajärjestys englannissa on:
subjekti (tekijä) - predikaatti (tekeminen) - objekti (tekemisen kohde) - muut määreet

Predikaatti ja objekti tulevat peräkkäin, niitä ei saa erottaa toisistaan.
Lauseen lopussa muut määreet tulevat järjestyksessä: tapa - paikka - aika.
Ajan määre voidaan sijoittaa myös lauseen alkuun.
Jos lauseessa on useita ajan määreitä, tarkin niistä on ensimmäisenä.
Muistisäännöllä SPOTPA saat myönteisen lauseen sanajärjestyksen oikein.

Kysymyslauseessa sanajärjestys on käänteinen:
kysymyssana - apuverbi - subjekti - pääverbi - loput määreet (OTPA)
Jos kysymyssana on samalla lauseen subjekti, DO/DOES/DID -apuverbiä ei käytetä, esim. Who plays the drums in that band?

Liikkuvat määreet
ovat pikkusanoja, joiden paikka lauseessa voi vaihdella. Liikkuvia määreitä ovat esim. often, usually, never, seldom, always, already, almost, just, sometimes, only.
Liikkuvan määreen paikka: tavallisen verbin edessä, olla-verbin jäljessä, apuverbin ja pääverbin välissä.

What is the right word order?
1. Mary played her flute very well at the concert last night.
2. Mary played her flute very well last night at the concert.
3. Mary played very well her flute at the concert last night.
4. Mary played very well her flute last night at the concert.
What is the right word order?
1. Peter plays the drums in the school band every week.
2. Peter plays the drums every week in the school band.
3. Peter plays every week the drums in the school band.
4. In the school band Peter plays the drums every week.
What is the right word order?
1. Last month Mary practised very much.
2. Mary practised last month very much.
3. Last month practised Mary very much.
4. Very much Mary practised last month.
What is the right word order?
1. My sister Paula goes shopping with her friends after school
2. My sister Paula goes shopping after school with her friends.
3. After school my sister Paula with her friends goes shopping.
4. With her friends goes shopping my sister Paula after school.
What is the right word order?
1. The concert is in the disco at eight next Saturday.
2. The concert is at eight in the disco next Saturday.
3. The concert is in the disco next Saturday at eight.
4. The concert is next Saturday at eight in the disco.
What is the right word order?
1. Mark works hard in the local shop at weekends.
2. Mark works in the local shop hard at weekends.
3. At weekends Mark works in the local shop hard.
4. Mark works hard at weekends in the local shop.
What is the right word order?
1. My mother buys me clothes in the sale after Christmas.
2. My mother buys me clothes after Christmas in the sale.
3. After Christmas buys my mother me clothes in the sale.
4. In the sale my mother buys me clothes after Christmas.
What is the right word order?
1. My cousin Edward seldom comes to visit us.
2. My cousin Edward comes seldom to visit us.
3. My cousin Edward comes to visit us seldom.
4. Seldom comes my cousin Edward to visit us.
What is the right word order?
1. I sometimes meet my neighbour in the supermarket on Saturdays.
2. I sometimes meet my neighbour on Saturdays in the supermarket.
3. I meet my neighbour sometimes on Saturdays in the supermarket.
4. I meet my neighbour sometimes in the supermarket on Saturdays.
What is the right word order?
1. My dad never goes shopping alone in the mall on Fridays.
2. Never my dad goes shopping alone in the mall on Fridays.
3. My dad never goes shopping alone on Fridays in the mall.
4. My dad goes never shopping alone in the mall on Fridays.
What is the right word order?
1. My friend Jack often travels abroad in the summer.
2. My friend Jack travels often abroad in the summer.
3. My friend Jack often travels in the summer abroad.
4. In the summer my friend Jack travels often abroad.
What is the right word order?
1. What do you usually do at the weekend?
2. What do you do usually at the weekend?
3. What you usually do at the weekend?
4. What do you do at the weekend usually?
What is the right word order?
1. Paula´s friend Janet has just come back from Paris.
2. Paula´s friend Janet has come just back from Paris.
3. Paula´s friend Janet just has come back from Paris.
4. Paula´s friend Janet has come back from Paris just.
What is the right word order?
1. Lisa always puts on her yellow dress for parties.
2. Lisa puts always on her yellow dress for parties.
3. Lisa always for parties puts on her yellow dress.
4. Always for parties Lisa puts on her yellow dress.
What is the right word order?
1. We have never played together after school.
2. We never have played together after school.
3. We have played together never after school.
4. We have played never together after school.